另外高濃度鹽水亦有效透過抑制RNA同DNA嘅複製，從而加強表皮細胞(epithelial cells )嘅抗病毒能力。

In the presence viral infection and the availability of NaCl, cells utilise the chloride ions to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Since HOCl is the active ingredient in bleach, which is known to have an antiviral effect, the mechanism could be augmented by supplying chloride ions through NaCl to treat infections.

Follow up data was available from 61 (Intervention:30, Control:31). 87% found HSNIG acceptable, 93% thought HSNIG made a difference to their symptoms. In the intervention arm, duration of illness was lower by 1.9 days (p = 0.01), over-the-counter medications (OTCM) use by 36% (p = 0.004), transmission within household contacts by 35% (p = 0.006) and viral shedding by ≥0.5 log10/day (p = 0.04).

他挑選了一群已經確診新冠肺炎的病患，讓他們每天使用濃度0.12%的氯己定葡糖酸鹽溶液漱口2次，持續4天後，再進行PCR檢測（檢體取自口咽）。

Gargling
Frequent gargling with water may help reduce episodes of upper respiratory tract infection, but evidence is limited to a single study. The well-designed RCT involved 387 adults randomly assigned to gargling with water, gargling with a diluted povidone–iodine solution or usual care (control).37 Gargling with the povidone–iodine solution had no effect, whereas gargling with water was effective in reducing the risk of an upper respiratory tract infection (30.1% v. 40.8% in the control group; p = 0.044), for a number needed to treat of 10. The degree of gargling required was considerable (20 mL for 15 seconds repeated three times, performed three times daily). Confirmation from a second RCT would be helpful before recommending gargling.

PVP-I at a concentration >0.5 mg/ml in contact with SARS-CoV-2 for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min and 5 min showed up to 99% viral inhibition.